਍ഀഀ ਍㰀栀攀愀搀㸀ഀഀ AdvancedCenterPunjabi.org:: Punjabi University, Patiala (Punjab), India ਍    㰀氀椀渀欀 爀攀氀㴀∀匀吀夀䰀䔀匀䠀䔀䔀吀∀ 琀礀瀀攀㴀∀琀攀砀琀⼀挀猀猀∀ 栀爀攀昀 㴀∀琀⸀挀猀猀∀ ⼀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀戀漀搀礀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀琀爀㸀㰀℀ⴀⴀ 吀漀瀀 䰀椀渀欀猀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㠀㠀 ∀ 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀ 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀簀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀簀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀簀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀簀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀簀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀猀琀愀昀昀⸀栀琀洀∀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀匀琀愀昀昀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀愀搀瘀愀∀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀䌀漀渀琀愀挀琀 唀猀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀∀㸀㰀猀瀀愀渀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀圀栀椀琀攀∀㸀倀爀攀猀猀 匀攀挀琀椀漀渀㰀⼀猀瀀愀渀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ
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਍ऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ||||
਍ऀऀ㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀琀爀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀戀最䰀椀最栀琀∀㸀㰀琀搀 挀漀氀猀瀀愀渀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀⌀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㠀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀഀഀ ਍㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䰀漀最漀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀ 㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀椀洀愀最攀猀⼀愀挀琀搀瀀氀开氀漀最漀⸀樀瀀最∀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀 㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀愀 栀爀攀昀㴀∀⌀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀椀洀愀最攀猀⼀愀挀琀搀瀀氀⸀最椀昀∀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀 㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀猀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀琀搀 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㤀 ─∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀ㰀搀椀瘀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀挀攀渀琀攀爀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀爀漀眀㄀∀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㈀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㌀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀䠀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䌀伀一吀䔀一吀匀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀砀琀䠀∀㸀㰀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀琀爀㸀㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀爀椀最栀琀∀㸀㰀椀洀最 猀爀挀㴀∀椀洀愀最攀猀⼀眀栀攀攀氀⸀最椀昀∀ 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀琀搀㸀ഀഀ Publications
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㤀㔀─∀ 椀搀㴀∀琀愀戀氀攀㄀∀ 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀ 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀爀椀最栀琀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀戀㸀䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀㰀⼀戀㸀 㰀⼀愀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 椀搀㴀∀琀愀戀氀攀㜀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 2. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Vishal Gupta and ਍ऀऀ䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 匀甀爀瘀攀礀 漀昀 䌀漀洀洀漀渀 匀琀攀洀洀椀渀最 吀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀猀 愀渀搀 䔀砀椀猀琀椀渀最 匀琀攀洀洀攀爀猀 昀漀爀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀ᴀⰠ 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 䔀洀攀爀最椀渀最 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最椀攀猀 椀渀 圀攀戀 䤀渀琀攀氀氀椀最攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀 㔀Ⰰ 一漀 ㈀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㔀㜀ⴀ㄀㘀㄀ ⠀䴀愀礀 ㈀ ㄀㌀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 4. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Vishal Gupta and ਍                                                䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䘠攀愀琀甀爀攀猀 ഀഀ Selection and Weight learning ਍                                                昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 吀攀砀琀 匀甀洀洀愀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ International Journal of ਍                                                䔀渀最椀渀攀攀爀椀渀最 吀爀攀渀搀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Technology, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. ਍                                                㐀㔀ⴀ㐀㠀 ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 5. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ V Gupta and G. S. ਍                                                䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠甀琀漀洀愀琀椀挀 䬀攀礀眀漀爀搀猀 ഀഀ Extraction for Punjabi ਍                                                䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀ᴀⰠ 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 ഀഀ of Computer Science Issues, Vol. ਍                                                㠀Ⰰ 一漀⸀ 㔀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㌀㈀㜀ⴀ㌀㌀㄀ ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 6. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ K. K. Batra and ਍                                                䜀⸀ 匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠甀琀漀洀愀琀椀挀 ഀഀ Translation System from Punjabi ਍                                                琀漀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 昀漀爀 匀椀洀瀀氀攀 匀攀渀琀攀渀挀攀猀 ഀഀ in Legal Domain”, International ਍                                                䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㈀㌀Ⰰ ഀഀ No. 1, pp. 79-98 (2011). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 10. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ V Goyal, ਍                                                䜀⸀匀⸀䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ圠攀戀 䈀愀猀攀搀 䠀椀渀搀椀 琀漀 ഀഀ Punjabi Machine Translation ਍                                                匀礀猀琀攀洀ᴀⰠ 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 䔀洀攀爀最椀渀最 ഀഀ Technologies in Web Intelligence ਍                                                Ⰰ 嘀漀氀甀洀攀 ㈀Ⰰ 一漀⸀ ㈀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㐀㠀ⴀ㄀㔀㄀ ഀഀ (2010). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 18. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal, "A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 䌀漀氀氀愀琀椀漀渀 䄀氀最漀爀椀琀栀洀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ International Journal of ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀礀猀琀攀洀椀挀猀Ⰰ 䌀礀戀攀爀渀攀琀椀挀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Informatics, pp. 60-64 (Jan ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㈀  㜀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 19. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䐀攀猀椀最渀 愀渀搀 䤀洀瀀氀攀洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 ഀഀ Punjabi Spell Checker", ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 ഀഀ Systemics, Cybernetics and ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀挀猀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ 㜀 ⴀ㜀㔀 ⠀䨀愀渀 ഀഀ 2007). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 21. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G. S. Lehal and Chandan Singh, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䄀 䌀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀 䴀愀挀栀椀渀攀 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ OCR System", Vivek, pp. 10-17, Vol. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㄀㘀Ⰰ 一漀⸀ ㌀⸀ ⠀㈀  㘀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 22. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ M K Jindal, G S Lehal and R K ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀栀愀爀洀愀Ⰰ ᰀ匠攀最洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 瀀爀漀戀氀攀洀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ solutions in printed degraded ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 琀攀砀琀ᴀⰠ 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ഀഀ Journal of Signal Processing, Volume ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㈀Ⰰ 一甀洀戀攀爀 㐀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㈀㔀㠀ⴀ㈀㘀㜀Ⰰ ⠀㈀  㔀⤀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 23. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal and Chandan Singh, “A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀漀猀琀 倀爀漀挀攀猀猀漀爀 昀漀爀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 伀䌀刀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ SADHANA Academy Proceedings in ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䔀渀最椀渀攀攀爀椀渀最 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀猀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㈀㜀Ⰰ 倀愀爀琀 ഀഀ 1, pp. 99-112, (2002). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䌀⸀ 倀⸀ 䬀愀洀戀漀樀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “ പ瀊਍ജ㸊਍ബ䀊਍ ഭ㸊਍ശ㸊਍ ദ䜊਍ ക瀊਍പ㼊਍਍਍ട《਍ീᔊ਍ര⠊਍ ദ䀊਍ സ┊਍ി␊਍ീⰊ 㠀਍മ焊਍സ㼊਍ആ㔊਍ാȊ਍ അ␊਍േ 㠀਍മ㸊਍ധ㸊਍ന 㨀 ܀਍൱ᔊ਍ സ《਍വ䜊਍ഖ⌊਍ ”, Samdarshi, Punjabi Academy, Delhi, Issue No. 132 (March-April 2013). ਍ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀漀渀氀椀渀攀开猀甀爀瘀攀礀开瀀甀渀樀愀戀椀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀嘀椀猀栀愀氀 䜀甀瀀琀愀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Named ਍                                                䔀渀琀椀琀礀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 ഀഀ Language Text Summarization”, ਍                                                䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 ഀഀ Computer Applications, Vol. 33, ਍                                                一漀⸀ ㌀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㈀㠀ⴀ㌀㈀ ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀一䔀刀─㈀ 昀漀爀─㈀ 匀甀洀洀愀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䘀攀愀琀甀爀攀猀─㈀ 匀攀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䤀䨀䌀匀䤀ⴀ㠀ⴀ㔀ⴀ㌀ⴀ㌀㈀㜀ⴀ㌀㌀㄀─㈀ ⠀㄀⤀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㜀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀倀 匀椀渀最栀 愀渀搀 䜀⸀ 匀⸀ ഀഀ Lehal, “Syllables Selection for ਍                                                琀栀攀 䐀攀瘀攀氀漀瀀洀攀渀琀 漀昀 匀瀀攀攀挀栀 ഀഀ Database for Punjabi TTS ਍                                                匀礀猀琀攀洀ᴀⰠ 䤀䨀䌀匀䤀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ഀഀ Journal of Computer Science ਍                                                䤀猀猀甀攀猀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ 㜀Ⰰ 䤀猀猀甀攀 㘀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 164-168 (November 2010).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㠀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䬀 䬀 䈀愀琀爀愀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 ഀഀ Lehal, “Rule Based Machine ਍                                                吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 一漀甀渀 倀栀爀愀猀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 ഀഀ Punjabi to English”, IJCSI ਍                                                䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 ഀഀ Computer Science Issues, Vol. 7, ਍                                                䤀猀猀甀攀 㔀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ 㐀 㤀ⴀ㐀㄀㌀ ⠀匀攀瀀琀攀洀戀攀爀 ഀഀ 2010).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀嘀 䜀甀瀀琀愀Ⰰ ഀഀ G.S.Lehal, “A Survey of Text ਍                                                匀甀洀洀愀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 䔀砀琀爀愀挀琀椀瘀攀 ഀഀ Techniques”, Journal of Emerging ਍                                                吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最椀攀猀 椀渀 圀攀戀 䤀渀琀攀氀氀椀最攀渀挀攀 ഀഀ , Volume 2, No. 3, pp. 258-268 ਍                                                ⠀㈀ ㄀ ⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀猀甀爀瘀攀礀ⴀ瀀愀瀀攀爀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㄀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 匀甀爀瘀攀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 ഀഀ State of the Art in Punjabi Language ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀猀猀椀渀最ᴀⰠ 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 䤀渀 䤀渀搀椀愀Ⰰ ഀഀ Volume 9, No. 10, pp. 9-23 (2009).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㈀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀嘀 䜀漀礀愀氀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ "Evaluation of Hindi to Punjabi ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䴀愀挀栀椀渀攀 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ International Journal of Computer ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀挀椀攀渀挀攀 䤀猀猀甀攀猀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀甀洀攀 㐀Ⰰ 一漀⸀ ㄀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 36-39 (2009).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㌀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䴀 䬀 䨀椀渀搀愀氀Ⰰ 䜀 匀 ഀഀ Lehal and R K Sharma, “On ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀攀最洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 吀漀甀挀栀椀渀最 ഀഀ Characters and Overlapping Lines ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ椀渀 䐀攀最爀愀搀攀搀 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Script”, International Journal ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ漀昀 䤀洀愀最攀 愀渀搀 䜀爀愀瀀栀椀挀猀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀甀洀攀 㤀Ⰰ ഀഀ No. 3, pp. 321-353 (July 2009).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㐀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀嘀 䜀甀瀀琀愀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 ഀഀ Lehal, "A Survey of Text Mining ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ吀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀猀 愀渀搀 䄀瀀瀀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Journal of Emerging Technologies ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ椀渀 圀攀戀 䤀渀琀攀氀氀椀最攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀甀洀攀 ㄀Ⰰ ഀഀ No. 1, pp. 60-76 (August 2009).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㔀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䨀漀猀愀渀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ匠椀稀攀 ഀഀ of N for Word Sense Disambiguation ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ甀猀椀渀最 一 䜀爀愀洀 䴀漀搀攀氀 昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 ഀഀ Language”, International Journal of ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㈀ Ⰰ 一漀⸀ ㄀ⴀ㈀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 47-56 (2008).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㘀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀吀 匀 匀愀椀渀椀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 ഀഀ “Shahmukhi to Gurmukhi ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ吀爀愀渀猀氀椀琀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀㨀 䄀 䌀漀爀瀀甀猀 ഀഀ based Approach”, Research in ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀甀琀椀渀最 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀 ⠀䴀攀砀椀挀漀⤀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀甀洀攀 ഀഀ 33, pp. 151-162 (2008).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㜀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䴀 䬀 䨀椀渀搀愀氀Ⰰ 刀 䬀 匀栀愀爀洀愀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 ഀഀ Lehal, "Segmentation of Horizontally ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ伀瘀攀爀氀愀瀀瀀椀渀最 䰀椀渀攀猀 椀渀 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 ഀഀ Scripts", International Journal of ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀甀琀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀氀氀椀最攀渀挀攀 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 ഀഀ (IJCIR), Volume 3, No. 4, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㈀㜀㜀ⴀ㈀㠀㘀 ⠀䐀攀挀 ㈀  㜀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㄀㐀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀倀甀渀樀愀戀椀匀漀爀琀椀渀最⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀ ⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䨀漀猀栀愀渀 愀渀搀 䜀 ഀഀ S Lehal, "Evaluation of Direct ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䴀愀挀栀椀渀攀 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 昀爀漀洀 ഀഀ Punjabi to Hindi", International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 漀昀 匀礀猀琀攀洀椀挀猀Ⰰ ഀഀ Cybernetics and Informatics, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㜀㘀ⴀ㠀㌀ ⠀䨀愀渀 ㈀  㜀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀搀椀爀攀挀琀琀爀愀渀猀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀开伀䌀刀开嘀椀瘀攀欀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㄀㈀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀㐀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 愀渀搀 䌀栀愀渀搀愀渀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ ഀഀ “Feature extraction and ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ挀氀愀猀猀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 伀䌀刀 漀昀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ script”, Vivek, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㈀ⴀ㄀㈀ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㤀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀瘀椀瘀攀欀㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ   ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀爀椀最栀琀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀㸀㰀戀㸀䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 ഀഀ Proceedings ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 1. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Simpel Jindal and Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Line segmentation of handwritten Gurmukhi manuscripts”, Proceedings of the Workshop on Document Analysis and Recognition (DAR 2012) , Mumbai, Publisher ACM, USA. 74-78. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 2. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Choice of recognizable units for Urdu OCR” Proceedings of the Workshop on Document Analysis and Recognition (DAR 2012) , Mumbai, Publisher ACM, USA. 79-85. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 3. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ UmrinderPal Singh, Vishal Goyal and Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Named Entity Recognition System for Urdu”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012, Mumbai, pp. 2507-2518. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 4. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal and Tejinder Singh Saini, “Conversion between Scripts of Punjabi: Beyond Simple Transliteration”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Posters, Mumbai, pp. 633-642. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 5. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal and Tejinder Singh Saini, “Development of a Complete Urdu-Hindi Transliteration System”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Posters, Mumbai, pp. 643-652. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 6. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Vishal Gupta and Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Automatic Punjabi Text Extractive Summarization System”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Demonstartion papers, Mumbai, pp. 191-198. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 7. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Vishal Gupta and Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Complete Pre Processing Phase of Punjabi Text Extractive Summarization System”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Demonstartion papers, Mumbai, pp. 199-206. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 8. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, Tejinder Singh Saini and Savleen Kaur Chowdhary, “An Omni-Font Gurmukhi to Shahmukhi Transliteration System”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Demonstartion papers, Mumbai, pp. 313-320. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 9. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Parminder Singh and Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Punjabi Text-To-Speech Synthesis System”, Proceedings of the COLING 2012: Demonstartion papers, Mumbai, pp. 409-416. (2012) ਍㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 10. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Tejinder Singh ਍                                                匀愀椀渀椀 愀渀搀 䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ “Word Disambiguation in ਍                                                匀栀愀栀洀甀欀栀椀 琀漀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Transliteration”, Proceedings of ਍                                                琀栀攀 㤀琀栀 圀漀爀欀猀栀漀瀀 漀渀 䄀猀椀愀渀 ഀഀ Language Resources, IJCNLP 2011, ਍                                                䌀栀椀愀渀最 䴀愀椀Ⰰ 吀栀愀椀氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ 㜀㤀ጀ㠠㜀⸀ ഀഀ (2011) ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 12. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Manoj K. Sachan, ਍                                                䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Vijender Kumar Jain, “A Novel ਍                                                䴀攀琀栀漀搀 琀漀 匀攀最洀攀渀琀 伀渀氀椀渀攀 ഀഀ Gurmukhi Script”, Information ਍                                                匀礀猀琀攀洀猀 昀漀爀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀Ⰰ ഀഀ Communications in Computer and ਍                                                䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㄀㌀㤀Ⰰ ഀഀ Springer-Verlag, pp. 1-8. ਍                                                ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 13. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Parminder Singh ਍                                                愀渀搀 䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 ഀഀ Rule Based Schwa Deletion ਍                                                䄀氀最漀爀椀琀栀洀 昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 吀吀匀 ഀഀ System”, Information Systems for ਍                                                䤀渀搀椀愀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 ഀഀ in Computer and Information ਍                                                匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㄀㌀㤀Ⰰ 匀瀀爀椀渀最攀爀ⴀ嘀攀爀氀愀最Ⰰ ഀഀ pp. 98-103. (2011). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 17. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ Vishal Gupta and ਍                                                䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ “Preprocessing Phase of Punjabi ਍                                                䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 吀攀砀琀 匀甀洀洀愀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Information Systems for Indian ਍                                                䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 椀渀 ഀഀ Computer and Information ਍                                                匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㄀㌀㤀Ⰰ 匀瀀爀椀渀最攀爀ⴀ嘀攀爀氀愀最Ⰰ ഀഀ pp. 250-253. (2011) ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 19. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G. S. Lehal, “A ਍                                                圀漀爀搀 匀攀最洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 ഀഀ Handling Space Omission Problem ਍                                                椀渀 唀爀搀甀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀ᴀⰠ 倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 ഀഀ the 1st Workshop on South and ਍                                                匀漀甀琀栀攀愀猀琀 䄀猀椀愀渀 一愀琀甀爀愀氀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 ഀഀ Processing (WSSANLP), pp. 43–50, ਍                                                琀栀攀 ㈀㌀爀搀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ഀഀ Conference on Computational ਍                                                䰀椀渀最甀椀猀琀椀挀猀 ⠀䌀伀䰀䤀一䜀⤀Ⰰ 䈀攀椀樀椀渀最⸀ ഀഀ (2010). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 21. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G. S. Lehal, “A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 琀漀 匀栀愀栀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Transliteration System”, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 㜀琀栀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ഀഀ Conference on Natural Language ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀猀猀椀渀最Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㘀㜀ⴀ㄀㜀㌀Ⰰ ഀഀ Hyderabad, India. (2009). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 23. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ D. Sharma, G. S. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䘀漀爀洀 䘀椀攀氀搀 䘀爀愀洀攀 ഀഀ Boundary Removal for Form ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀猀猀椀渀最 匀礀猀琀攀洀 椀渀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Script", Proceedings of 9th ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 ഀഀ Document Analysis and ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 䈀愀爀挀攀氀漀渀愀Ⰰ 匀瀀愀椀渀⸀ ഀഀ (2009). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 26. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ M. S. Gill and G. S. Lehal, “A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䜀爀愀洀洀愀爀 䌀栀攀挀欀椀渀最 匀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Coling 2008: Companion volume: Posters ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ愀渀搀 䐀攀洀漀渀猀琀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 䴀愀渀挀栀攀猀琀攀爀Ⰰ 唀䬀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 149-152 (August 2008). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 28. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ T. S. Saini, G. S. Lehal and V. S. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䬀愀氀爀愀Ⰰ ᰀ匠栀愀栀洀甀欀栀椀 琀漀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Transliteration System”, Coling 2008: ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 瘀漀氀甀洀攀㨀 倀漀猀琀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Demonstrations, Manchester, UK, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㄀㜀㜀ⴀ㄀㠀  ⠀䄀甀最甀猀琀 ㈀  㠀⤀⸀ 㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀 㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 29. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ V. Goyal and G. S. Lehal, "Hindi ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䴀漀爀瀀栀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 䄀渀愀氀礀稀攀爀 愀渀搀 䜀攀渀攀爀愀琀漀爀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Proceedings First International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 䔀洀攀爀最椀渀最 吀爀攀渀搀猀 椀渀 ഀഀ Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, IEEE ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ ഀഀ pp. 1156-1159 (2008). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 37. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal, Chandan Singh and Ritu ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䰀攀栀愀氀 Ⰰ ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䄀 猀栀愀瀀攀 戀愀猀攀搀 瀀漀猀琀 瀀爀漀挀攀猀猀漀爀 ഀഀ for Gurmukhi OCR”, Proceedings of 6th ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 ഀഀ Document Analysis and ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 匀攀愀琀琀氀攀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 䤀䔀䔀䔀 ഀഀ Computer Society Press, USA, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㄀㄀ 㔀ⴀ㄀㄀ 㤀Ⰰ ⠀㈀  ㄀⤀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 38. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䔀㔀䘀䄀䔀䌀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G. S. Lehal and Nivedan Bhatt, “A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ爀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 䐀攀瘀渀愀最爀椀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ English handwritten numerals”, Advances ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ椀渀 䴀甀氀琀椀洀漀搀愀氀 䤀渀琀攀爀昀愀挀攀猀 ጀ†䤀䌀䴀䤀 ㈀  ㄀Ⰰ 吀⸀ ഀഀ Tan, Y. Shi and W. Gao (Editors), ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䰀攀挀琀甀爀攀 一漀琀攀猀 椀渀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ഀഀ 1948, Springer-Verlag, Germany, pp. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㐀㐀㈀ⴀ㐀㐀㤀⸀ ⠀㈀   ⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 39. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal and Chandan Singh, “A ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 猀挀爀椀瀀琀 爀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 猀礀猀琀攀洀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Proceedings 15th International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀愀琀琀攀爀渀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ ഀഀ Barcelona, Spain, IEEE Computer Society ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀 ㈀Ⰰ 瀀瀀 ഀഀ 557-560. (2000). ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ氀攀昀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ爀椀最栀琀㨀 ㈀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ琀漀瀀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀㬀 瀀愀搀搀椀渀最ⴀ戀漀琀琀漀洀㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀椀洀最 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 猀爀挀㴀∀瀀最昀ⴀ椀挀漀渀⸀最椀昀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㈀㈀∀ 栀攀椀最栀琀㴀∀㈀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀愀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ 41. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㨀 ㄀ 瀀砀∀ 戀最挀漀氀漀爀㴀∀⌀䘀䘀䘀䘀䔀䄀∀ 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀㸀ഀഀ G S Lehal and Kulwinder Singh, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀᰀ䄠 猀琀甀搀礀 漀昀 搀愀琀愀 猀琀爀甀挀琀甀爀攀猀 昀漀爀 ഀഀ implementation of Punjabi ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ搀椀挀琀椀漀渀愀爀礀ᴀⰠ 䌀漀最渀椀琀椀瘀攀 匀礀猀琀攀洀猀 ഀഀ Reviews and Previews, J. R. Isaac ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ愀渀搀 䬀⸀ 䈀愀琀爀愀 ⠀䔀搀椀琀漀爀猀⤀Ⰰ 䤀䌀䌀匀 ᤀ㤠㤀Ⰰ ഀഀ Delhi, Phoenix Publishing House Pvt ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䰀琀搀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ 㐀㠀㤀ⴀ㐀㤀㜀Ⰰ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㤀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 椀搀㴀∀琀愀戀氀攀㐀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 戀漀爀搀攀爀㴀∀ ∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀  ─∀ 挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀ 挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀∀ ∀ 椀搀㴀∀琀愀戀氀攀㄀㌀∀ 猀琀礀氀攀㴀∀戀漀爀搀攀爀㨀 ㄀瀀砀 猀漀氀椀搀 ⌀      ∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䨀椀渀搀愀氀㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀氀攀栀愀氀㐀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀伀䰀䤀一䜀㈀ ㄀㈀开倀䄀倀䔀刀匀㄀㔀㌀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀伀䰀䤀一䜀㈀ ㄀㈀倀伀匀吀䔀刀匀 㘀㈀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀伀䰀䤀一䜀㈀ ㄀㈀倀伀匀吀䔀刀匀 㘀㌀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀漀氀椀渀最㈀ ㄀㈀䐀䔀䴀伀匀 ㈀㐀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀漀氀椀渀最㈀ ㄀㈀䐀䔀䴀伀匀 ㈀㔀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀漀氀椀渀最㈀ ㄀㈀䐀䔀䴀伀匀 ㌀㤀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀漀氀椀渀最㈀ ㄀㈀䐀䔀䴀伀匀 㔀㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㄀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀嘀椀猀栀愀氀 䜀甀瀀琀愀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, “Punjabi ਍                                                䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 匀琀攀洀洀攀爀 昀漀爀 渀漀甀渀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ proper names”, Proceedings of ਍                                                琀栀攀 ㈀渀搀 圀漀爀欀猀栀漀瀀 漀渀 匀漀甀琀栀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Southeast Asian Natural Language ਍                                                倀爀漀挀攀猀猀椀渀最 ⠀圀匀匀䄀一䰀倀⤀Ⰰ 䤀䨀䌀一䰀倀 ഀഀ 2011, Chiang Mai, Thailand, pp. ਍                                                ㌀㔀ጀ㌠㤀⸀ ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀倀甀渀樀愀戀椀─㈀ 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀─㈀ 匀琀攀洀洀攀爀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀倀愀瀀攀爀开㌀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㐀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀甀爀瀀爀攀攀琀 匀椀渀最栀 ഀഀ Lehal, and Tejinder Saini, “A ਍                                                吀爀愀渀猀氀椀琀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀 䈀愀猀攀搀 圀漀爀搀 ഀഀ Segmentation System for ਍                                                匀栀愀栀洀甀欀栀椀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀ᴀⰠ 䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 ഀഀ Systems for Indian Languages, ਍                                                䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 椀渀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Information Science, Vol. 139, ਍                                                匀瀀爀椀渀最攀爀ⴀ嘀攀爀氀愀最Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㌀㘀ⴀ㄀㐀㌀⸀ ഀഀ (2011).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㔀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䨀愀猀戀椀爀 匀椀渀最栀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Gurpreet Singh Lehal, ਍                                                ᰀ传瀀琀椀洀椀稀椀渀最 䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀 䌀氀愀猀猀 ഀഀ Count for Devnagari Optical ਍                                                䌀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Information Systems for Indian ਍                                                䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 䌀漀洀洀甀渀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀 椀渀 ഀഀ Computer and Information ਍                                                匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 匀瀀爀椀渀最攀爀ⴀ嘀攀爀氀愀最Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 144-149. (2011).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㘀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀刀愀樀渀攀攀猀栀 刀愀渀椀Ⰰ ഀഀ Renu Dhir, and Gurpreet Singh ਍                                                䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䌠漀洀瀀愀爀愀琀椀瘀攀 䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 ഀഀ Gabor and Discriminating Feature ਍                                                䔀砀琀爀愀挀琀椀漀渀 吀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀猀 昀漀爀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀 ഀഀ Identification”, Information ਍                                                匀礀猀琀攀洀猀 昀漀爀 䤀渀搀椀愀渀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀猀Ⰰ ഀഀ Communications in Computer and ਍                                                䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㄀㌀㤀Ⰰ ഀഀ Springer-Verlag, pp. 174-179. ਍                                                ⠀㈀ ㄀㄀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䌀愀洀攀爀愀开刀攀愀搀礀开倀愀瀀攀爀开㄀ 㤀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㄀㠀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀⸀ 匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ T. S. Saini, "A Hindi to Urdu ਍                                                吀爀愀渀猀氀椀琀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀 匀礀猀琀攀洀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Proceedings of 8th International ਍                                                䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 一愀琀甀爀愀氀 䰀愀渀最甀愀最攀 ഀഀ Processing, pp. 235-240, ਍                                                䬀栀愀爀愀最瀀甀爀Ⰰ 䤀渀搀椀愀⸀ ⠀㈀ ㄀ ⤀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀瀀愀瀀攀爀㈀㐀㠀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀ ⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀⸀ 匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 ഀഀ Two Stage Word Segmentation ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀礀猀琀攀洀 䘀漀爀 䠀愀渀搀氀椀渀最 匀瀀愀挀攀 ഀഀ Insertion Problem In Urdu ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀挀爀椀瀀琀ᴀⰠ 倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 圀漀爀氀搀 ഀഀ Academy of Science, Engineering ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ愀渀搀 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最礀Ⰰ 䈀愀渀最欀漀欀Ⰰ ഀഀ Thailand, Vol. 60, pp 321-324. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ⠀㈀  㤀⤀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀圀䄀匀䔀吀㈀  㤀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀㈀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䐀⸀ 匀栀愀爀洀愀Ⰰ 䜀⸀ 匀⸀ ഀഀ Lehal, "Shape Encoded Post ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀猀猀椀渀最 漀昀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 伀䌀刀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Proceedings of 9th International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀昀 䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀 䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 ഀഀ and Recognition, Barcelona, IEEE ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ ഀഀ California, USA, pp 788-792. ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ⠀㈀  㤀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㄀㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀㐀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀⸀匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ "Optical Character Recognition ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ漀昀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀 甀猀椀渀最 ഀഀ Multiple Classifiers", ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀 ഀഀ Workshop of Multilingual OCR, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䄀爀琀椀挀氀攀 一漀⸀ 㜀Ⰰ 䈀愀爀挀攀氀漀渀愀Ⰰ 匀瀀愀椀渀⸀ ഀഀ (2009).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀㔀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䴀⸀䬀⸀ 䨀椀渀搀愀氀Ⰰ 刀⸀䬀⸀ ഀഀ Sharma, G.S. Lehal, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ☀焀甀漀琀㬀匀攀最洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀漀甀挀栀椀渀最 ഀഀ characters in upper zone in ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ瀀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 猀挀爀椀瀀琀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Proceedings of the 2nd Bangalore ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䄀渀渀甀愀氀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀 䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ ഀഀ Bangalore, Publisher ACM, USA, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀愀瀀攀爀 一漀⸀ 㤀⸀ ⠀㈀  㤀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㄀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㈀㜀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀⸀ 匀⸀ 䨀漀猀愀渀 愀渀搀 䜀⸀ 匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 ഀഀ Punjabi to Hindi machine Translation ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀礀猀琀攀洀ᴀⰠ 䌀漀氀椀渀最 ㈀  㠀㨀 䌀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 瘀漀氀甀洀攀㨀 ഀഀ Posters and Demonstrations, Manchester, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ唀䬀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㔀㜀ⴀ㄀㘀  ⠀䄀甀最甀猀琀 ㈀  㠀⤀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㈀㌀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㄀㔀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀ ⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䴀⸀䬀⸀ 䨀椀渀搀愀氀Ⰰ 刀⸀䬀⸀ 匀栀愀爀洀愀Ⰰ 䜀⸀匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ "Structural Features for Recognizing ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䐀攀最爀愀搀攀搀 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Proceedings International Conference on ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最礀 㨀 一攀眀 䜀攀渀攀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀 ഀഀ (ITNG 2008), Las Vegas, IEEE Computer ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ഀഀ 668-673. (2008).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㄀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䴀⸀䬀⸀ 䨀椀渀搀愀氀Ⰰ 刀⸀䬀⸀ 匀栀愀爀洀愀Ⰰ 䜀⸀匀⸀ 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ഀഀ "A Study of Different Kinds of ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䐀攀最爀愀搀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Script,", Proceedings International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀椀渀最㨀 吀栀攀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Applications (ICCTA'07), Kolkata, IEEE ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ ഀഀ pp. 538-544. (2007).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㈀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀倀⸀ 匀椀渀最栀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 ഀഀ Lehal, "Text-to-Speech Synthesis ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ猀礀猀琀攀洀 昀漀爀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 氀愀渀最甀愀最攀☀焀甀漀琀㬀Ⰰ ഀഀ Proceedings International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 䴀甀氀琀椀搀椀猀挀椀瀀氀椀渀愀爀礀 ഀഀ Information Sciences and ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ吀攀挀栀渀漀氀漀最椀攀猀Ⰰ 䴀攀爀椀搀愀Ⰰ 匀瀀愀椀渀Ⰰ ഀഀ pp.388-391. (2006).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㌀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䐀 嘀 匀栀愀爀洀愀 愀渀搀 䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠渀 ഀഀ Iterative Algorithm for Segmentation of ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䤀猀漀氀愀琀攀搀 䠀愀渀搀眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 圀漀爀搀猀 椀渀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 ഀഀ Script”, Proceedings 18th International ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀漀渀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 漀渀 倀愀琀琀攀爀渀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 䠀漀渀最 ഀഀ Kong, IEEE Computer Society Press, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀 ㈀Ⰰ 瀀瀀 ㄀ ㈀㈀ⴀ㄀ ㈀㔀⸀ ഀഀ (2006).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㐀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 愀渀搀 䴀 ഀഀ Bhagat, “Error Pattern in ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 吀礀瀀攀搀 吀攀砀琀ᴀⰠ 倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 ഀഀ of International Symposium on ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䴀愀挀栀椀渀攀 吀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 一䰀倀 愀渀搀 吀匀匀Ⰰ ഀഀ New Delhi, pp. 128-141, (2004).
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㔀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 Ⰰ ഀഀ Chandan Singh and Renu Dhir, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀᰀ匠琀爀甀挀琀甀爀愀氀 昀攀愀琀甀爀攀ⴀ戀愀猀攀搀 ഀഀ approach for script ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Roman characters and words”, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Retrieval X, Proceedings SPIE, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ唀匀䄀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ 㔀 ㄀  ⠀㈀  ㌀⤀⸀ ⠀䄀挀挀攀瀀琀攀搀 ഀഀ for publication)
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㌀㘀⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 愀渀搀 䌀栀愀渀搀愀渀 匀椀渀最栀Ⰰ ☀焀甀漀琀㬀䄀 ഀഀ technique for segmentation of Gurmukhi ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ琀攀砀琀ᴀⰠ 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 䤀洀愀最攀猀 愀渀搀 ഀഀ Patterns, W. Skarbek (Ed.), Lecture ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ一漀琀攀猀 椀渀 䌀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 匀挀椀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 嘀漀氀⸀ ㈀㄀㈀㐀Ⰰ ഀഀ Springer-Verlag, Germany, pp. 191-200 ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ⠀㈀  ㄀⤀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䄀─㈀ 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀─㈀ 昀漀爀─㈀ 猀攀最洀攀渀琀愀琀椀漀渀─㈀ 漀昀─㈀ 最甀爀洀甀欀栀椀─㈀ 琀攀砀琀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㔀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀䤀䌀䴀䤀㈀   ⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀㐀 ⸀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀昀漀渀琀 猀椀稀攀㴀∀㈀∀㸀䜀 匀 䰀攀栀愀氀 愀渀搀 刀攀渀甀 䐀栀椀爀Ⰰ ᰀ䄠 刀愀渀最攀 ഀഀ Free Skew Detection Technique for ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䐀椀最椀琀椀稀攀搀 䜀甀爀洀甀欀栀椀 匀挀爀椀瀀琀 䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀猀ᴀⰠ ഀഀ Proceedings 5th International Conference ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ漀昀 䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀 䄀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 愀渀搀 刀攀挀漀最渀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ ഀഀ Bangalore, IEEE Computer Society Press, ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀Ⰰ 唀匀䄀Ⰰ 瀀瀀⸀ ㄀㐀㜀ⴀ㄀㔀㈀Ⰰ ⠀㄀㤀㤀㤀⤀㰀⼀昀漀渀琀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀最猀氀攀栀愀氀ⴀ瀀愀瀀㈀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀愀 琀愀爀最攀琀㴀∀开戀氀愀渀欀∀ 栀爀攀昀㴀∀瀀搀昀⼀椀挀挀猀㤀㤀⸀瀀搀昀∀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀瀀㸀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䔀一䐀 䌀伀一吀䔀一吀匀 ⴀⴀ㸀 ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㌀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍  ऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀爀漀眀㌀∀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㄀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㈀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀琀搀 挀氀愀猀猀㴀∀琀搀㌀∀㸀㰀⼀琀搀㸀㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀഀഀ ਍ऀऀഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀ㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䌀伀一吀䔀一吀匀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀爀㸀㰀琀搀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀氀攀昀琀∀㸀ഀഀ
    ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ☀挀漀瀀礀㬀 ㈀  㠀 䄀䌀吀䐀倀䰀 倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀Ⰰ 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀 倀甀渀樀愀戀 䤀渀搀椀愀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀搀 瘀愀氀椀最渀㴀∀琀漀瀀∀ 愀氀椀最渀㴀爀椀最栀琀㸀ഀഀ Advanced Centre for Technical Development of Punjabi language, Literature & Culture (ACTDPL)
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ倀甀渀樀愀戀椀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 倀愀琀椀愀氀愀Ⰰ㰀戀爀㸀ഀഀ INDIA-147002.
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀戀㸀倀栀漀渀攀㨀☀渀戀猀瀀㬀㰀⼀戀㸀㤀㄀ⴀ㄀㜀㔀ⴀ㌀ 㐀㘀㄀㜀㄀Ⰰ㌀ 㐀㘀㄀㜀㈀㰀戀爀㸀ഀഀ email: sangam2005@gmail.com ਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀琀愀戀氀攀 愀氀椀最渀㴀∀爀椀最栀琀∀ 眀椀搀琀栀㴀∀㄀  ─∀ 䈀漀爀搀攀爀㴀  挀攀氀氀瀀愀搀搀椀渀最㴀  挀攀氀氀猀瀀愀挀椀渀最㴀 㸀ഀഀ
਍ऀऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀऀऀ㰀⼀琀愀戀氀攀㸀ഀഀ ਍ऀऀऀഀഀ ਍ऀऀ㰀⼀琀爀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀琀搀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀℀ⴀⴀ 䔀一䐀 漀昀 䌀漀渀琀攀渀琀猀 ⴀⴀ㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀⼀栀琀洀氀㸀�